BENCHMARKS

Properties of substances

Uses physical and chemical properties to identify and describe substances (e.g., density, boiling point, solubility) (Introduce)

Sound, light, and waves

Describes light using wave properties (e.g., wave length, reflection, refraction, transmission, absorption, scattering, interference (Introduce)

Properties of substances

Operationally defines, measures, and uses appropriately the ideas of length, area, and volume to describe the size of objects (Develop)

Sound, light, and waves

Understands wave properties (e.g., wave length, reflection, refraction, transmission, absorption, scattering, and interference) and compares sound and light waves to other kinds of waves (Develop)

Motion of objects

Describes the position of an object relative to a distance scale laid out in units (e.g., centimeters, meters, kilometers, feet, yards, miles)

Properties of substances

Uses physical and chemical properties to identify and describe substances

(e.g., density, boiling point, solubility) (Grades 6, 7, 8)

Motion of objects

Describes the positions, relative speeds, and changes in speed of objects (Grade 7)

Sound, light, and waves

Describes sound, water waves, and light, using wave properties (e.g., wave length, reflection, refraction, transmission, absorption, scattering, interference) (Grades 6, 7)

Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Systems

Describes how the parts of a system interact and influence each other (addressed as an integrating theme 6-8 to address connections and cycles in physical, earth, and life science (e.g., machines, body systems, the ecosystem, circuits, the water, nitrogen and carbon cycles, erosion, the solar system, a spaceship, weather patterns, etc.)

Energy sources and kinds

Understands that energy is a property of substances and systems and comes in many forms. Students work with magnets and motors to understand magnetism and electricity as forms of energy? (Introduce)

Energy transfer and transformation

Students understand energy transfer through an understanding of interactions between electromagnets, permanent magnets and electric current? (Introduce)

Structure of matter

Understands that all matter is made up of smaller parts, which may be combined in various kinds, ways, and numbers (Introduce)

Physical/chemical changes

Understands physical and chemical changes at the particle level, and knows that matter is conserved (Introduce in the life science unit, Flow of Matter and the earth science unit, Properties of Earth Materials)

Systems

Describes how the parts of a system interact and influence each other (addressed as an integrating theme 6-8 to address connections and cycles in physical, earth, and life science)

Energy sources and kinds

Understands that energy is a property of substances and systems and comes in many forms, including stored energy, energy of motion, and heat energy (e.g., heat, light, electrical, mechanical, sound, nuclear, chemical) (Develop)

Energy transfer and transformation

Determines factors that affect rate and amount of energy transfer; associates a decrease in one form of energy with an increase in another (Develop)

Structure of matter

Understands that all matter is made up of atoms, which may be combined in various kinds, ways, and numbers

Physical/chemical changes

Understands physical and chemical changes at the particle level, and knows? that matter is conserved

Systems

Describes how the parts of a system interact and influence each other (addressed as an integrating theme 6-8 to address connections and cycles in physical, earth, and life science)

Energy sources and kinds

Understands that energy is a property of substances and systems and comes in many forms, including stored energy, energy of motion, and heat energy (e.g., heat, light, electrical, mechanical, sound, nuclear, chemical) (Grades 6, 7)

Energy transfer and transformation

Determines factors that affect rate and amount of energy transfer; associates a decrease in one form of energy with an increase in another (Grades 6, 7)

Structure of matter

Understands that all matter is made up of atoms, which may be combined in various kinds, ways, and numbers (Apply) (Grades 6, 7, 8)

Physical and chemical change

Understands physical and chemical changes at the particle level, and knows that matter is conserved (Apply) (Grades 6, 7, 8)

Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Nature of forces

Knows the factors that determine the strength of the various forces

Forces to explain motion

Understands the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of objects along a straight line

Nature of forces

Knows the factors that determine the strength of the various forces (Grade 7)

Forces to explain motion

Understands the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of objects along a straight line (Grade 7)

Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Nature and properties of earth materials

Classifies rocks and soils into groups based on their chemical and physical properties; describes the processes by which rocks and soils are formed (Introduce)

Nature and properties of earth materials

Classifies rocks and soils into groups based on their chemical and physical properties; describes the processes by which rocks and soils are formed (Apply)

Nature and properties of earth materials

Classifies rocks and soils into groups based on their chemical and physical properties; describes the processes by which rocks and soils are formed (Revisit in study of the Structure of Matter)

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Components and patterns of the earth system

Describes the components and relationships of the earth system, including the solid earth (crust, hot convecting mantle and dense metallic core), the hydrosphere (oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and streams), and the atmosphere (a mixture of gases) (Introduce)

Components and patterns of the earth system

Describes the components and relationships of the earth system, including the solid earth (crust, hot convecting mantle and dense metallic core), the hydrosphere (oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and streams), and the atmosphere (a mixture of gases) (Develop)

Explains how patterns and arrangements of landforms, oceans, and atmosphere are determined by natural forces and how the theory of plate tectonics accounts for movement over time (Level 3 benchmark).

Components and patterns of the earth system

Describes the components and relationships of the earth system, including the solid earth (crust, hot convecting mantle, and dense metallic core), the hydrosphere (oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and streams), and the atmosphere (a mixture of gases) (Grades 6, 7)

Explains how patterns and arrangements of landforms, oceans, and atmosphere are determined by natural forces and how the theory of plate tectonics accounts for movement over time? (Level 3 benchmark) (Grade 7)

Components of the solar system and beyond (universe)

Describes the relationships of the earth to the sun, the moon, the other planets and their moons, and smaller objects (e.g., asteroids, comets)

Understands that the solar system is in a galaxy in an expanding universe composed of immense numbers of stars and celestial bodies? (Level 3 benchmark)

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Processes and interactions in the earth system

Describes the processes of constructive and destructive forces and how they continually change landforms on earth (Introduce and connect with components of earth systems)

Processes and interactions in the earth system

Describes the processes of constructive and destructive forces and how they continually change landforms on earth (Develop)

Understands that patterns of movement in the plates that comprise the earth?s surface are the result of outward transfer of the earth?s internal heat, and that historical patterns of movement can be identified from clues in rock formations; describes how volcanoes and earthquakes in Washington State occur because of this interaction (Level 3 benchmark)

Hydrosphere/atmosphere

Relates global atmospheric movement and the formation of ocean currents to weather and climate

Processes and interactions in the earth system

Describes the processes of constructive and destructive forces and how they continually change landforms on earth (Grades 6, 7)

Understands that patterns of movement in the plates that comprise the earth?s surface are the result of outward transfer of the earth?s internal heat, and that historical patterns of movement can be identified from clues in rock formations; describes how volcanoes and earthquakes in Washington State occur because of this interaction (Level 3 benchmark) (Grade 7)

History and evolution of the earth

Knows the importance of fossils in documenting life and environmental changes over time?

Hydrosphere/atmosphere

Relates global atmospheric movement and the formation of ocean currents to weather and climate (Grade 7)

Interactions in the solar system and beyond

Describes how the regular and predictable motions of most objects in the solar system account for such phenomena as the day, year, phases of the moon, eclipses, seasons, and ocean tides

Understands that the earth, planets, sun, and the rest of the celestial bodies in the universe are continuing to evolve because of interactions between matter and forces of nature? (Level 3 benchmark)

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Basis of biological diversity

Categorizes plants and animals into groups according to how they accomplish life processes and by similarities and differences in external and internal structures (Introduce)

Basis of biological diversity

Categorizes plants and animals into groups according to how they accomplish life processes and by similarities and differences in external and internal structures (Apply)

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Structure and organization of living systems

Knows that specialized cells within multicellular organisms form different kinds of tissues, organs, and organ systems to carry out life functions

Human biology

Identifies and describes human life functions and the interconnecting organ systems necessary to maintain human life (e.g., digestion, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, movement, disease prevention, control, coordination)

Structure and organization of living systems

Knows that specialized cells within multicellular organisms form different kinds of tissues, organs, and organ systems to carry out life functions (Grade 7)

Molecular basis of heredity

Understands that all living things reproduce and pass on genetic information, and that an organism?s characteristics are determined by both genetic and environmental influences

Human biology

Identifies and describes human life functions and the interconnecting organ systems necessary to maintain human life (e.g., digestion, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, movement, disease prevention, control, coordination)

(Grade 7)

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Life processes and the flow of matter and energy

Understands that individual organisms use matter and energy for life processes, and the mechanisms accomplishing these processes are complex, integrated, and regulated (Introduce)

Interdependence of life

Explains how organisms interact with their environment and with other organisms to acquire energy, cycle matter, influence behavior, and establish competitive or mutually beneficial relationships

Environmental and resource issues

Explains how use of natural resources by human societies affects quality of life and the health of ecosystems (Introduce)

Life processes and the flow of matter and energy

Understands that individual organisms use matter and energy for life processes, and the mechanisms accomplishing these processes are complex, integrated, and regulated (Develop)

Environmental and resource issues

Explains how use of natural resources by human societies affects quality of life and the health of ecosystems (Develop)

Life processes and the flow of matter and energy

Understands that individual organisms use matter and energy for life processes, and the mechanisms accomplishing these processes are complex, integrated, and regulated (Apply)

Biological evolution

Describes how biological evolution accounts for species diversity, adaptation, natural selection, extinction, and change over time in organisms

Interdependence of life

Explains how organisms interact with their environment and with other organisms to acquire energy, cycle matter, influence behavior, and establish competitive or mutually beneficial relationships (Grade 6)

Environmental and resource issues

Explains how use of natural resources by human societies affects quality of life and the health of ecosystems (Apply) (Grades 6, 7, 8)

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Questioning

Generates questions that can be answered through scientific investigations

Designing and conducting investigations

Designs, conducts, and evaluates scientific investigations using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures

Evidence and explanation

Uses evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions

Modeling

Correlates models of the behavior of objects, events, or processes to the behavior of the actual things; tests models by predicting and observing actual behaviors or processes

Communication

Communicates scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics

Questioning

Generates questions that can be answered through scientific investigations

Designing and conducting investigations

Designs, conducts, and evaluates scientific investigations using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures

Evidence and explanation

Uses evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions

Modeling

Correlates models of the behavior of objects, events, or processes to the behavior of the actual things; tests models by predicting and observing actual behaviors or processes

Communication

Communicates scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics

Questioning

Generates questions that can be answered through scientific investigations

Designing and conducting investigations

Designs, conducts, and evaluates scientific investigations using appropriate equipment, mathematics, and safety procedures

Evidence and explanation

Uses evidence from scientific investigations to think critically and logically to develop descriptions, explanations, and predictions

Modeling

Correlates models of the behavior of objects, events, or processes to the behavior of the actual things; tests models by predicting and observing actual behaviors or processes

Communication

Communicates scientific procedures, investigations, and explanations orally, in writing, with computer-based technology, and in the language of mathematics

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Identifying problems

Identifies and examines common, everyday challenges or problems in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions

Designing and testing solutions

Identifies, designs, and tests alternative solutions to a challenge or problem

Evaluating potential solutions

Compares and contrasts multiple solutions to a problem or challenge

Identifying problems

Identifies and examines common, everyday challenges or problems in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions

Designing and testing solutions

Identifies, designs, and tests alternative solutions to a challenge or problem

Evaluating potential solutions

Compares and contrasts multiple solutions to a problem or challenge

Identifying problems

Identifies and examines common, everyday challenges or problems in which science/technology can be or has been used to design solutions

Designing and testing solutions

Identifies, designs, and tests alternative solutions to a challenge or problem

Evaluating potential solutions

Compares and contrasts multiple solutions to a problem or challenge

* Targeted Learning for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

Intellectual honesty

Understands the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology (e.g., skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, proprietary discovery)

Limitations of science and technology

Understands that scientific investigation is limited to the natural world

Dealing with inconsistencies

Provides more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defends or refutes the explanations using evidence

Evaluating methods of investigation

Describes how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation

Evolution of scientific ideas

Explains how scientific theory, hypothesis generation, experimentation, and observation are???? interrelated and may lead to changing ideas

Intellectual honesty

Understands the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology (e.g., skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, proprietary discovery)

Limitations of science and technology

Understands that scientific investigation is limited to the natural world

Dealing with inconsistencies

Provides more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defends or refutes the explanations using evidence

Evaluating methods of investigation

Describes how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation

Evolution of scientific ideas

Explains how scientific theory, hypothesis generation, experimentation, and observation are interrelated and may lead to changing ideas

Intellectual honesty

Understands the operational and ethical traditions of science and technology (e.g., skepticism, cooperation, intellectual honesty, proprietary discovery)

Limitations of science and technology

Understands that scientific investigation is limited to the natural world

Dealing with inconsistencies

Provides more than one explanation for events or phenomena; defends or refutes the explanations using evidence

Evaluating methods of investigation

Describes how methods of investigation relate to the validity of scientific experiments, observations, theoretical models, and explanation

Evolution of scientific ideas

Explains how scientific theory, hypothesis generation, experimentation, and observation are interrelated and may lead to changing ideas

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.

BENCHMARKS

All peoples contribute to science and technology

Knows that science and technology have been developed, used, and affected by many diverse individuals, cultures, and societies throughout human history

Relationship of science and technology

Compares and contrasts scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; knows that science enables technology and vice versa

Careers and occupations using science, mathematics, and technology

Investigates the use of science, mathematics, and technology within occupational/career areas? of interest

All peoples contribute to science and technology

Knows that science and technology have been developed, used, and affected by many diverse individuals, cultures, and societies throughout human history

Relationship of science and technology

Compares and contrasts scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; knows that science enables technology and vice versa

Careers and occupations using science, mathematics, and technology

Investigates the use of science, mathematics, and technology within occupational/career areas of interest

All peoples contribute to science and technology

Knows that science and technology have been developed, used, and affected by many diverse individuals, cultures, and societies throughout human history

Relationship of science and technology

Compares and contrasts scientific inquiry and technological design in terms of activities, results, and influence on individuals and society; knows that science enables technology and vice versa

Careers and occupations using science, mathematics, and technology

Investigates the use of science, mathematics, and technology within occupational/career areas of interest

* Targeted Learnings for grade 8 are printed in bold because these are the benchmarks from the State.? Benchmarks designated for grade 8 are underlined, others are identified by the grade at which they are taught.